Machine and method of weaving insulation



April 22, 1941, w. F. AsTLEY- 2,239,514

MACHINE AND METHOD 0F wEAvING `INSULATION Filed June 25, 1938 '7 Sheets-Shea?l l fm .M www. www N W@ M Q Z WW.. .NNN NWN NQ w04 N N nbmN NNN @NNN m. SNN

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April 22, 1941. .w. F. AsTLEY 2,239,514

MACHINE ANbMETHop 0171 wEAvING INSULATION Filed June 23, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 110g 10 '5 53 1 .e3 2K2 2i? 213 April 22, 1941. w. F. AsTLEY MACHINE AND METHOD OF WEAVING INSULATION Filed June 23, 1938` '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 NNN www QKN @N www @N NQN GN SE1 NQN wkN April 22, 1941. w. F. AsTLEY MACHINE AND METHOD 0F WEAVING INSULATION Filed June 25, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 NNW ff @my Aprn 22, 1941.

w. F. AsrTLEY MACHINE AND METHOD OF WEAVING INSULATION Filed June 25, 1938 7 sheets-sheet 5 N Api1'22, 1941. w. F. AsTLEY v MACHINE AND METHOD OF WEAVING INSULATION Filed June 23, 1938 '7 sheets-sheet e April 22, 1941.

W. F'. ASTLEY MACHINE AND METHOD OF WEAVILNG INSULATION 7 Sheets-Sheet '7 Filed June 25, 1938 @WN QN Q NN NNN NMWN V strength of the fibers.

Patent/ed Apr. 22, 1941 MACHINE AND METHOD F WEAVING INSULATION Y William F. Astley, Cicero, lll., assigner to Union Asbestos & Rubber Company, Chicago, lll., a corporation of Illinois .Application June 23,1938, seria1No.z15,a9'z l 29 Claims.

The present invention relates to machines and methods for weaving insulation, and is particularly concerned-'with machines for the purpose of manufacturing insulation of the type covered by my prior application, Ser. No, 188,720, filed February 4, 1938, on Heat insulating materials.

One of the objects of the invention is the provision of an improved machine which is adapted to weave automatically an insulating blanket or cloth comprising warp threads and a'weft which comprises material having solely bulk, and which is practically'lacking in the tensile strength which is necessary to the weaving of cloth according to the methods of the prior art.

Another object is the provision of an improved machine which is adapted to weave insulating blankets of Warp threads and bulk fibers which comprise the carded and open asbestos fibers in the form of sliver, the bulk having substantially no tensile strength.

Another object is the provision of an improved method of weaving an insulating blanket comprising carded and open asbestos fibers in the form of sliver and enclosing and binding warp threads for securing the asbestos fibers in the form of a blanket.

Another object is the provision of an improved machine of the class described in which all of the operations are automatic so that the machine does not require attention during its normal operation, but only for the purpose of assuring its supply of the raw materials and removal of the nished product.

Another object is the provision of an improved machine of the class described which is adapted to utilize insulating units constructed of opened and carded asbestos fiber in the form of sliver, loosely held together by spirally wound and` incorporated threads of asbestos or other suitable fibers, described in my prior application, Ser.'

No. 195,117, led March 10, 1938, on Methods and machines for making insulation, Patent No. 2,191,875, and which is also adapted to utilize various other kinds of known animal, vegetable or mineral bers, irrespective of any tensile Another object of the invention is the provision of an improved exible and highly eiiicient insulating material which is capable of meeting special conditions, such as use at higher temperatures, as,for example, up to 750'degrees or 1,000 degrees F.

Another objectof the-invention is the provision of an improved insulating material adapted to be constructed of insulating fibers which are otherwise not adaptable for weaving according to ordinary methods and which possesses the characteistics of flexibility, strength, ease of application .to nat or curved surfaces, resiliency, durabilitytand lightness, to a high degree.

Another object is the provision of an improved form of Vinsulation which is built up of large, loose, soft bodies of special insulating bers, such as, for example, Amosite bers, which ,are thoroughly carded and opened to form a mass of high volume and low weight and in which the bodies of insulating units are bound together, but not conned nor shaped by the enclosing strands in such. manner that the opened and carded iibers of one insulating unit may intermingle with the adjacent units to form a practically continuous felt body characterized by an absence of cracks and by a substantially homogeneous brous structure.

Another object is the provision of an improved insulating material which is not only adapted to be used for flat or curved surfaces, but may .be made into iiange covers and other odd sized covers, and covered with a jacket of asbestos cloth which is sewed in place or secured by lacing with asbestos twine.

Another object is the provision of an improved method of making insulating materials'which have a high insulating eiiciency, a low weight, and which are exceedingly durable, and which maintain their desirable characteristics through vibration or other deteriorating inuences.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description and the accompanying drawings, in which similar characters of reference indicate similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the seven sheets of drawings` accompanying the specication,

Fig. 1 is an end elevational view of a weaving machine constructed according to the invention, the view being taken fromthe output end of the machine;

FgfZ is a side elevational View of the weaving machine, taken from the right side of Fig. 1,

showing further detail-s of construction;

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary top plan view of the weft supporting and feeding conveyor, which appears at the right hand of Fig. 1;

Fig, 4 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the same. conveyor, similar to that shown in Fig. 1, but showing greater detail;

Fig. 5 is a fragmentary end elevational view of the weft conveyor,`taken from the right end of Figs. 3 and 4;'

"Fig 6 is a fragmentary view in perspective of the driving and reversing mechanism for the carriage and conveyor of Figs. 3-5;

Fig. f? is a fragmentary view in perspective of the step-by-step take-up mechanism at the output end of the machine for winding the insulating blanket on a drum as it is woven;

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary elevational view of the same mechanism as shown in Fig. 7, and taken at the opposite end of the drum;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary perspective View of a spray control valve and its actuating mechanism, by means of which the successive courses of the weft are sprayed with an adhesive solution for the purpose of causing them to cohere;

Fig. 10 is a similar view of the same mechanism in a different position;

Fig. 11 is a fragmentary view in perspective of a portion of the lay, including also improved forms of reeds, and showing the end of the weft carriage and conveyor, with automatic means for holding the weft in place after it has been laid in the shed, with the holding device in latched position;

Fig. 12 is a similar view of the weft holding de'- vice,`after the latch has been tripped and the weft is secured in place at the left end of the machine of Fig. 1.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, the weaving machine 30, elevations of which are shown in these figures, comprises a frame, which may be indicated in its entiretyby the numeral 3|, consisting of a plu- 7rality of vertical and transverse channelled members of steel or other suitable material, such as, for example, the vertical frame members 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 31, 38, 39, 40, 4| and 42, and the horizontal frame members 43, 44, 45, 46, 41, 48, 49 etc. Such suitable frame members may thus be provided and suitably located to support the bearings, shafts, and other elements of the machinery at the points shown, and the framework may be varied considerably without changing the operation of the machine.

The mechanism may be driven by a suitable electric motor 50, the drive shaft of which carries a pinion 5|,meshing with the gear 52 carried by the drive shaft 53. The direction of rotation of the drive shaft 53 may, for example, be clockwise, looking at the right end of the shaft 53. The element indicated by the numeral 54 is a standard Johnson clutch, which is used for stopping and starting the machine.

Before describing the rest of the gearing and actuating mechanism, various important functional parts of the machine will be indicated with suitable numerals. The vertical frame members 33 and horizontal frame member 41 comprise the supports for the heddle frames 55, having the usual type of heddles 56 for controlling the action of the warp threads.

The heddles 56 and heddle frames 55 are moved upward and downward inthe usual manner by a mechanism which comprises the pulleys 51, chains 58, bellcranks 59, and chains 60, which are secured to the bellcrank 6 I.

The bellcrank 6| has two arms 62 and 63, the lower one of which 'is suitably connected to means for actuating the chains 64, which are connected to the lower part of the heddle frames 55. Bellcrank 6| is actuated by a roller 65, which is mounted within the: track 66 of a cam 61. By means of this mechanism the heddles are so operated, and by means of the heddles the warp threads 68, 69, which form the shed 18, are so manipulated that they are alternatehr crossed about the weft after the weft has been suitably laid in the shed and driven forward into tight engagement with the warp threads by the lay.

The operation of the heddle frames is, of course, synchronized with the rest` of the machine, as will be described hereinafter. 'I'he warp threads 68 and 69, which form the ,shed 18, come from suitable spindles, the separate threads being indicated at the right of the machine by the numerals 10 and 1|. 12 and 13 comprise friction rollers; that ls, rollers covered with friction material, such as a soft rubber covering about which the warp threads 10 and/"II are wrapped,` and the rollers 14, 15, 16, 11 are merely guide rollers for guiding the warp threads in the proper direction. From the last guide rollers 15, 16, the warp threads 68, 69 extend to heddles.

The friction drums 12, 13 maintain a suitable tension on the warpl threads, and the tension may be varied to change the characteristics of the blanket of insulation to be woven.

The present weaving machine is provided withV an improved form of lay 80, comprising the reeds 8|, which are of particular shape for accomplishlng a new function. The reeds 8| of the lay 80 are adapted not only to maintain the alignment of the warp threads and to force the weft up closely between the warp threads of the shed, but the reeds 8| are also adapted'to support the weft in proper position, although the weft may be of such character that it has no tensile strength whatever, so that it cannot be supported merely at each end of the weft, as is the case where the weft is a member having tensile strength.

Referring to Fig. 1l, reed 8| comprises an upper angle iron 82 and a lower angle iron 83, to which are secured a multiplicityV of straps or bands of steel 84 of suitable material, 'the bands being separated by the slots 85 of sufficient width to pass the warp threads.

The bands 84, comprising the reed 8| and the downwardly extending fiat portion 86, areprovided with an obtuse angle Yat 81. They also have a diagonally downwardly extending at portion 88 and are provided with a. bend at 89, whichl is slightly less than ninety degrees so that the fiat portion 90 of the bands 84 extends in substantially horizontal direction. Thereafter the bands 84 are bent back at 9| and provided with a fiat portion 92 which extends downwardly and backwardly in a diagonal direction toward an attaching flange 93, which is atsubstantially right angles to the portion 92.

The ends of the flat portions 86 and 93 are secured to the angle irons 82, 83 by screws or other fastening means passing through the bands and threaded into the 'angle irons. Thus the reed 8| is provided with a at shelf which may be designated by the portion 90, upon which the warp material may be supported and the weft may be of such material that it has no tensile strength, since it is supported over practically the full length of the weft, that is, the width of the fabric or blanket.

Referring to Fig, 2, the lay 80 has its upper and lower angle irons 82, 83 secured'at their ends to the upwardly extending levers |00 and |0|. The levers |00, |0| are pivoted' on horizontal base members of the frame at the point |62.

The levers |00, |0| are 'each'provided with a suitable roller or pin |03, which is adapted to move in the eccentrlcally located groove |04 of a cam member |05, which is carried by shaft |06. The shape of the cam groove |04 `is such that as the cam disc |05 rotates the roller |03 follows the groove |04 and the lay levers |00, |0| are pivoted back and forth from the position of Fig. 2 to a position in which the lay 80 drives the weft over tightly between the warp threads 68 and 60 of the shed 18. Of course, this action is taken only at the proper time, as the action of the lay is synchronized with the other mechanism of the weaving machine, as will be described later.

Referring again to Figs. 1l and 12, when the weaving machine is fed with weft material of the type disclosed in my prior application, Ser, No. 188,720 (Fig. 1), which is made by machines of my prior application, Ser. No. 195,117, filed March 10, 1938, the weaving machine is preferably provided with a means for catching the weft and holding it in proper position at the sides of the lay, as shown in Figs. 11 and 12.

The weft material referred to is shown in Fig. 12 and indicated'by H0, and comprises opened and carded asbestos fibers, such as Amosite, which have been slightly confined by the spirally extending asbestos threads ||2, which may be wrapped spirally about the loose fibers in opposite directions.

Such insulating units used as the weft have sumcient tensile strength'so that they can be deposited in a barrel or other container in coils, as disclosed in my prior application, Ser. No, 195,- 117, and can again be withdrawn from the barrel by the weft feeding mechanism of this weaving machine.

The weft unit also has suilcient tensile strength so that it can be caught at the side of the lay by the mechanism disclosed in Figs. 11 and 12, the operation and structure of which will now be described.

The angle iron 83 at the lower part of the lay supports a downwardly extending arm ||3, which is fixedly secured thereto, and which is provided with a pivot bolt ||4 for pivotally supporting a holding lever H5. The holding lever ||5 has an upwardly extending arm ||6 and a backwardly extending arm ||1, which is located below the shelf 90 of the lay, the purpose of these arms being to keep lthese parts of the lever ||5 out of the way of the shed so that there will be no interference between this mechanism and the warp threads.

The lever ||5 has an upwardly extending arm y ||8 and a backwardly extending hook IIS, the hook H3 being of suiilcient length and the space between the hook ||9 and arm ||1 being large enough so that the hook I0 can embrace the weft H0, Whether it consists of one or two or more strands or units.

As shown in Fig. 12, the hook or -arm ||9 is engaged by the weft units ||0, and is in position to hold them at that side of the lay. As shown in Fig, 11, the holding member |l5'is latched in its other position. For this purpose thearm ||3 has an upwardly extending portion |2|, which is provided with a pivot |22 for supporting a latch |23. The latch |23 has a shoulder |24 which engages the shoulder |25 on the holding member ||5, as shown in Fig. 1l. holding member ||5 are also connected by means of the tension spring |26, which may consist of the helical spring having hooks at its ends, the

hooks being engaged about the pin |21, carried by arm |2| and about pin |20 carried by holding member ||5. l

The spring |26, when in the position of Fig. l1, is tensioned and tends to pull the holding member HE in a clockwise direction toward the posi- The arm |2| andv Cil tion of Fig. 12; but the holding member ||5 is latched, as shown in Fig, l1, until a predetermined point is reached in the cycle of Weaving.

For the purpose of describing the action of this mechanism, reference must also be 'had to the feeding mechanism for the weft, which is shown at the right of Fig. l, and further details of which are disclosed in Figs. 3-5. This feeding mechanism is indicated in its entirety by the numeral |30, and includes a carriage |3|, which has a conveyor belt |32 that is carried by the carriage |3| and supported upon an elongated laterally projecting pair of arms or angle irons |33, |34, having a roller |35 at the left end (Fig. 3) and a drive roller |36 at the right end (Fig. 4). 'I'he angle irons |33, |34 also support the side plates |31, |30, which conne the loose weft material to the top area of the conveyor belt |32.

It will be evident from Fig, 3 that the left end of the carriage, including the conveyor belt |32, is adapted to be projected a considerable distance toward the left of the feeding mechanism of Fig. 3. In fact, the conveyor belt and supporting mechanism for it are of suii'icient length so that the discharge end |39 of the conveyor belt 32, which is an endless belt, is adapted to traverse the reed and lay above the shelf to carry the weft over said shelf and deposit it on the shelf 90..

Fig. 12 shows a part of the weft material just after the conveyor |32 has carried it over to the left side of the weaving machine of Fig. 1, and it has been caught by the holding device ||5. The latch |23 is urged into latching position by a leaf spring |40, but it has an upwardly projecting end |4| which is adapted to be engaged by a beveled camming surface |42 carried by a block |43, which is located on the side of the plate |31. Thus the holding device ||5 is adapted to be unlatched by the engagement of the camming surface |42 with the end |4| of the latch when the conveyor |32 reaches the'position of Fig. 12.

The unlatching of the holding device ||5 permitsthe spring |26 to move it clockwise from the position of Fig. 11 to that of Fig. l2, and the hooked end ||9 passes over the weft units H0,

which are lying upon the shelf 90, and is adapted to hold these weft units ||0 during the period of time when the'carriage |3| and conveyor |32 recede from the position of Fig. 12 to the position of Fig. 1.l During this receding motion'another length of the continuous weft units ||0 is laid on the shelf 90, extending backward from the holding device I5 at the left side ofthe lay to the right side of the lay. No holding device is required at the right side of the machine for the reason that in the interim after the completion of the laying of a weft between the shed, the warp threads are crossed about the weft by the heddles, and the warp threads at the right side of the blanket hold the weft when the weft feeding mechanism again moves toward the left in Fig. 1 and lays the strand of weft again on the shelf 90.

The holding device ||5 is again latched when the lay is moved forward in a counterclockwise direction on thelever |0| (Fig. 12) by the cam |04 as the forward movement of the lay causes it to pass beyond the position of the holding device I5 of Fig. 12 until the holding device reaches the relative position of Fig. 11, where it is latched.

The holding device may be forced backward to that position by engagement of the lever l5 with an appropriate stop or by its engagement with the weft when the lay forces the weft down tightly between the warp threads of theshed.

It should be noted that at the time the lay performs the latter function, the carriage 13| and conveyor |32 have receded from the position of Fig. 12 to that of Fig. l, so that there is no interference between the end of the latch |23, which is carried by the lay, and the side plate |31 of the carriage |3|.y

Of course, the mechanism of Figs. l1 and 12 is merely required when the machine is to be operated wholly automatically, and the machine may be operated without the holding mechanism of Figs. 1l and 12 by employment of an operative who stands at the left side of the machine in Fig. 1 and holds the weft, as shown in Fig. 12, with his hand or some implement.

Referring to Figs. l and 3-5, I shall now describe the feeding mechanism for the weft, parts of which have been described in connection with the holding device of Figs. 11 and 12. This feeding mechanism is provided with a framework, including the frame members 34, 35, 36 and horizontal frame Amembers 48, 49, together with additional frame members for holding them together in the relation shown in the gures mentioned. The framework of the feeding mechanism is attached to that of the Weaving machine at the horizontal angle iron |58 (Fig. l), which is secured to the horizontal channels 48, 49.

Each channel 48, 49 supports adjacent its ends an inwardly extending angle |5|-|54. These are provided with cylindrical bearing apertures.

for receiving the shafts |55, |56, which also may serve as guides.

The shaft |56 may be fixed, and merely serves as a guide; but the shaft |55 is also adapted to rotate for the purpose of driving certain mechanism. The carriage |3| may comprise a framework, such as a horizontal frame member |51, which carries the members |58, |59, which are of similar shape. Each of the members |58, |59 is provided with an upwardly extending flange |68, having a pair of laterally extending wheel trunnions |6| for rotatably supporting flanged wheels |62,

The flanged wheels |62 are so located that the flanges are inside of the channels 48, 49, and the tread of each wheel rests on top of the uppermost flange of the channels 48, 49, which, provides tracks for the carriage. The members |58, |59 are also provided with inwardly extending guide arms |63, having cylindrical bores |64 for slidably engaging the shafts |55, |56; That is, the carriage 1s guided Inot only by the flanged wheels, but it is held against over-balancing by the extended arm of the conveyor |32, by the 'guide rods or shafts |55, |56, which retain the carriage on its track.`

In addition to this, the shaft |55 supports the beveled gear |65, which engages the beveled gear |66, carried by a laterally extending shaft |61, which is mounted in the upwardly extending arms |68 of the members |58, |59.

The arms |68 also support the frame members |33, |34 and the side plates |31, |38, which extend longitudinally ofthe track 48, 49 and support and enclose the conveyor belt |32. At spaced intervals the frame members |33, |34 and side plates |31, |38 support a plurality of rollers |69 which engage and support the lower side of the upper part of the endless belt |32. Additional transverse frame members are provided as required for maintaining the frame members |33, |34 in parallelism, and the conveyor belt |32 is driven by the roller |36, which in turn isv driven by shaft |61 and bevel gears |65, |66.

Conveyor belt |32 continuously moves its uppermost portion, that is, the part visible in Fig. 3,

toward the left, so as to feed the weft material toward the weaving machine. The transverse frame |58 may be provided with a pair of bearing brackets |18 for rotatably supporting a pair of rollers |1| which are adapted to engage under the horizontally extending flange of the frame members |34, |33 to give additional support to the laterally projecting conveyor |3|.

The shaft |55 is driven by bevel gear |12,

which is engaged by bevel gear |13, carried byA shaft |14. The shaft |14 carries a bevel gear |15, meshing with a similar gear on the shaft |16, which also has a pair of sprockets |11, one at each end, for driving the carriage.

The sprockets |11 are connected by chains |18 to sprockets |19, carried by a stub shaft |88, journaled in the channeled frame members 48 and 49. Stub shaft |88 carries another sprocket |9| engaged by a chainl |82, which extends parallel to the tracks 48, 49, and is carried at the other end of the frame by a sprocket |83 on the stub shaft |84.

The chains |82 each carry a laterally projecting lug |85, which is adapted to engage in the slot |86, formed in the frame member |68 of the carriage so that as the lugs |85 on the chains |82 move longitudinally of the frame they carry with them the carriage |3|, which is reciprocated from left to right and from right to left in Figs. 3 and 4.

The shaft |16 is thus adapted not only to cause the conveyor belt |32 to feed weft material continuously off the discharge end |39 of the conveyor, but it is adapted to cause the carriage to move back and forth and to lay that material in a continuous layer on the shelf 98 of the lay or reeds as the carriage moves over from right to left, and again as the carriage moves back from left to right. Thus the weft material is actually conveyed or carried 'into the space between the warp threads; that is, into the shed 18, after which the lay is actuated to drive the weft tightly between the warp threads. Thereafter the heddles cause the warp threads to cross, confining the weft between them.

It will be evident that it is unnecessary for the weft material to have any tensilefstrength, as loose fibers can be conveyed by the feeding mechanism to the proper place. Such loose bers may be placed upon the conveyor belt |32 by means of a hopper |98, which may be provided with conventional agitating and feeding means, so that the fibers will be continuously deposited in a layer, uniformly on the conveyor belt |32.

In other embodiments of the invention, when the weft units ||8 are employed, these strands or units of loose and carded fibers, confined by spiral threads, can be continuously withdrawn from coiled form in the barrel, by the action of the conveyor belt |32, frictionally engaging the lower side of the weft units.

When a hopper |98 is employed, it is of course located sufficiently close to the left end of the feeding mechanism of Fig. 3 so that it is always above a part of the conveyor belt |32 v The weft feeding mechanism is synchronmed" with the other mechanism of the weaving machine and is adapted to be actuated automatically and periodically by means of the mechanism which is illustrated in Fig. 6, parts of it being also shown in Figs. l, 2, and 4.

The weft mechanism must be stopped during the interval of time when the lay and the heddles are actuated, and at that time the lay and heddles must be operated instead, in proper succession.

Referring again to Figs. 2 and 6, the shaft 53 is driven through the intermediary of the clutch 54 by the motor 50, and shaft 53 may be provided with an automatic clutch collar 200, both ends of which are toothed, as shown in Figs. 2 and 6, for driving one or thev other of the right hand and left hand clutch elements 20|, 202, which are adjacent to it, but loosely mounted on the shaft 53 for rotation.

The clutch element 20| is secured to a pinion 203, which drives a gear 204, carried by shaft 205, at a reduced speed. Shaft 205 is rotatably mounted in bearings 206 and carries a pinion 201, engaging gear 208, carried by shaft 209.

Shaft 209 has its bearings indicated at 2|0, and ,it is provided with a beveled pinion 2li, which engages the beveled pinion 2|2 thatis secured to the cam disc |05, having the groove |04. AThis is the cam which actuates the lay, and

the intermediate gears are for the purpose of actuating this cam and the lay at proper speed.

When the right hand clutch element 20| is engaged by the clutch collar 200, gear 203 is actuated to drive shaft 205 and shaft 209 and to actuate the cam |04, which controls the movement of the lay. The other clutch member 202 (Fig. 6) is connected by a sleeve 2|5 with the sprocket |11, carried by shaft |16, previously mentioned as being the drive shaft for the conveyor belt 'and carriage of the weft feeding mechanism.

When the clutch collar 200 is\ moved toward the left in Fig. 2, the weft feeding mechanism is actuated, and when the clutch collar 200 is moved toward the right, the lay is actuated. In order that the clutch collar 200 may be automatically actuated, its parts are arranged as follows:

The collar is provided with a groove 2|6 for engaging a roller 2 1 on a loosely pivoted arm 2 I4, which is pivoted at 2|9. The clutch arm 2|8 is pivoted on the frame alt the point 2|9, and comprises amember with a pair of inwardly extending arms-220, having adjustable set screws 22| with lock nuts.

The arm 2|4, which carries the roller 2|1, has a limited degree of lost motion between the set screws 22 l, carried by arm 2|6, which set screws engage the arm 2|4. The lever 2|8 is pivoted at its upper end by a screw bolt 222 to a tubular y rod 223, within which Slides anOther rod 224 that is pivotally mounted on the frame at 225.

A compression spring 226 is located in the tubular rod 223 and is engaged by the end of the rod 224. 'I'hus the compression spring 226 and its associated mechanism constitute a snap mechanism for the clutch collar 200, and the collar 200 is forced by the spring 226 into engagement with` one or the other of the clutch members 20|, 202, and ordinarily does not come to rest in the position shown in Fig. 6, where it is shown in the act of transition from one clutch member to the other. The additional lost motion,.which is provided by this mechanism and by the loosely pivoted lever 2|4, permits the actuation of this clutch by two different controlling devices, one of which is controlled by the position of the carriage, and the other of which is controlled by the position ofthe cam disc |05.

The cam disc is provided with a. cam 230 for engaging the end of a lever 23|, which is pivoted on the frame at 232. The lever 23| is connected by a pair of yokes 233, 234 and a connecting rod 235 to the lever 2|8 in such manner that when the cam 230 reaches a predetermined position and actuates the lever 23|, the clutch collar 200 is moved over into engagement with the clutch member 202.

Thus, during the cycle of the movement of the cam disc |05, when the cam disc reaches a predetermined position,` that is, the completion of the movement of the lay to drive the weft into the shed and to recede, the control cam 230I actuates the clutch to shut off movement of the gear 203, which drives the cam |05, and the lay `is then still until the clutch `is again actuated by the controlling mechanism that is actuated by the carriage.

The latter mechanism is described as follows: A bellcrank 240 is pivotally mounted at 24| on a part of the frame 242. One arm of the bellcrank is pivotally connected by an adjustable connecting rod 243 to the lower end of the clutch lever 2|3. The other arm of the bellcrank is pivotally connected by a long adjustable connecting rod 244 to a trip lever 245, which is pivotally mounted on the frame of the feed mechanismat the point 246 adjacent the path of the carriage.

The carriage |3| has a reciprocable spring pressed plunger 241, mounted in a socket member 248, which is carried by the carriage, and the plunger member 241 has its rear side provided with a beveled surface 249.

The feed mechanism frame has a toothed wheel 250 mounted for rotation about the stub shaft 25|, and provided with regularly spaced, laterally projecting teeth 252. The size of the Wheel 250 and the space between the pins 252 are such that each time the carriage |3| moves toward the right (in Fig. 4 or in Fig. 6), the spring pressed plunger 241 engages onev of the pins 252 and rotates the wheel -250 one step in aclockwise direction. The second pin behind the pin so actuated ina clockwise direction is in engagement with the bellcrank 245 and is adapted at this same time to rotate that bellcrank in a counterclockwise direction.` This produces a pull on the connecting rod 244, and through the boucrank 240, a pull on the connecting rod 243, which actuates the clutch lever 2f|8 in a clockwise direction, moving the clutch member 200 toward the right (in Fig. 6) to engage and actuate the pinion 203.

Thus, at the end of each movement of the carriage toward the right (in Fig. 1), the clutch zoo is so aotuated that gear zosjand through it the lay cam |05, are caused to start into motion.

As previously stated, this motion of the lay cam continues until the lay has performed its function, and through the controlling mechanism 230 to 235 the clutch collar 200 is pulled in the opposite direction to shut off the motion of the lay cam.

It should be noted that as the carriage |3| moves toward the left, in Fig. 6, the spring pressed plunger 241 has its beveled side 249 engage the adjacent pins '252, which causes the plunger 241 to recede against pressure of its pin, and snap o ver the pin instead of actuating the wheel 250.

Thus the clutch is actuated only upon the right hand motion of the lay at the end of the range of movement of the carriage, so that the lay is la ri:

actuated only when the conveyor |32 has been withdrawn from between the shed 18.

In order to make the blanket of insulation which is thus Woven still more uniform in thickness, and to eliminate joints between successive insulating units IIO, which have the loose fibers protruding from the spiral thread wrappings I I I and H2, I prefer to spray the successive insulating units with an adhesive solution such as a solution of sodium silicate, which causes the protruding and intermingling iibers of adjacent insulating units of the type disclosed in my prior application, Serial No. 188,720, to adhere together and form a continuous blanket of the loose fibers, in spite of the crossing of the warp threads between the insulating units.

This spraying. may be carried on by hand by means of a nozzle, but is preferably accomplished automatically by means of a laterally directed nozzle 260 carried by the end of a pipe 26|, which extends longitudinally of the carriage I3I and is carried thereby.

The pipe 26| has an elbow and is connected to a laterally extending pipe joint 262 at the right end of the carriage |3Iand is provided with an automatic valve 263 (Fig. 5), carried by the carriage and adapted to be actuated when the carriage reaches a predetermined position. The continuation 264 of the pipe to the source of supply of the spraying solution is made of iiexible hose of sufficient length to permit movement of the carriage without interfering with the tank.

Referring to Figs. 3 to 5 and 9 to 10, these iigures show the action of the automatic controlling valve for the spraying solution. The valve 263 may be of the plunger type, being actuated by a valve stem 265, which is engaged by a lever 266 having a horizontal arm 261. Lever 266 is pivotally supported at 268 on a bracket 269 carried by the valve body 263, and it is urged into cngagement with the plunger 265 by a tension spring 216, which has one end hooked in a bracket 21|, and the opposite end hooked to the end of the actuating arm 212.

The actuating arm 212 has a roller 213, which extends laterally therefrom and is adapted to engage the top side or the bottom side of a cam track 214, which is ixedly secured by means of a longitudinal frame member 215 to the carriage track 49.

The cam track 214 has its main body portion 216 plane and substantially horizontal and parallel to the carriage track 49.

Thus the body portion 216 of the cam track 214 is adapted to maintain the roller 213 in substantially the same horizontal position over the major portion of the range of movement of the carriage.

At the right end of the cam track 214 it is provided with the downwardly bent portion 211, which is intended to engage beneath the roller 213 and cam the roller 213 upward until its rides upon the main body 216 of the cam track 214.

The valve 263 is preferably of the type which is spring pressed to closed position when the valve stem 265 is in its outermost position and the valve 263 is open when the valve stem is pressed inwardly to the position of Fig. 10.

' Spring 210 is only strong enough to maintain the engagement of the lever 266 with the valve stem, and is not strong enough to actuate the valve 263 against the pressure of its internal desired manner to effect a spraying for any desired period of time, but is preferably so arranged that each weft is sprayed once during the time that the carriage moves forward to the left in Fig. 1. Thus the weft, which has been laid and interwoven by means of warp strands, will be sprayed prior to the action of the lay in forcing over the next weft against it, as the spraying action takes place while the carriage is laying the weft, comprising insulating units ||0 on the shelf of the reed.

This is accomplished by having the valve 263 moved to open position by the lever 266 when the roller 213 rides up the cam end 211 of the track 214.

The rolling of the roller 213 on the plane portion 216 of the cam track 214 keeps the valve open during the period of time when the carrage is progressing from the right hand toward the left hand in Fig. 1. When the roller 213 reaches the left end of the cam track 214 (Fig. 3), it rides oi that end, and the internal compression spring in the valve 2'63 forces the valve shut and forces the plunger 265 outward, moving the lever 266 clockwise against the tension of spring 210 in the closing of the valve.

The valve is shown in Fig. 9 in the closed position, which is the position it assumes on the return stroke of the carriage |3|, toward the right in Fig. l. The carriage moves to such a position that the roller 213 passes under the inclined end 211 of the track and snaps upward, due to tension of spring 210, to such a position that it will engage above the cam track 214 on the return movement, toward the left in Fig. 1.

The pipe 264 is, of course, supplied with a supply of the silicate solution, or other suitable solution, under pressure, so that it is only necessary to open the valve to accomplish the spraying by means of the nozzle, which is directed toward the uniinished edge of the blanket inside the shed. Thus the successive weft members are adapted to be sprayed so that the intermingling loose iibers will not only be brought into contact with each other, but will be caused to adhere to each other, to prevent any segregation of the weft units or forming of cracks in the blanket, even when the blanket is bent about a body to be insulated. The bending of the blanket and the tensioning of the outer layer of the weft only results in the separation of the loose bers within the insulating units and does not result in separation at the cracks between the insulating units of the weft.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, these are a view in perspective and a iight end view of the take-up mechanism for the blanket, which is actuated step by step by means of a cam, so that each time the length of the blanket is increased by the amount of a weft unit the winding roll is moved forward a step farther, to take up the increased length of the blanket.

Beginning at the shed 18 (Fig. 2), the woven blanket 300 of insulating material is carried over a curved fixed apron 30|, thence to a pair of idling rolls 302, 303, and down to a roller 299, about which it passes in a 'clockwise direction to extend horizontally to pass under roller 304 and roller 305, clockwise about roller 305, counterclockwise about a roller '306, until, with a backward turn, it is wound upon the roll 301, which is carried by the mandrel 308, loosely mounted for rotating and sliding movement between the standard 309 and rod 3| 0.

The roll 301 of the blanket rests loosely on the roller 306, and thus it rises as the roll becomes bigger. It is for this purpose that the mandrel 300 is mounted for rotating and sliding movement in the slot 311. I

Therollers 290, 304, and 306 may be geared together and driven by means of chains, and the blanket itself passes between the rollers 304 and 306, so that it is positivelyfed to form the roll 301.

Referring to Figs. 7 and 8, it is the roller 30? which vis shown in perspective in Fig. '7 and pro'- vided with the teeth 312 for engaging in the blanket and positively moving the blanket forward step by step from the loom.

The roller 302 (Fig. 7) is shown from the left end in perspective in Fig. 7 and from the-right end in Fig. 8 in section. Both ends are identically driven, and therefore only one end need be described in detail. It is rotatably mounted upon a shaft or trunnions 313 at each end, the shaft being carried by bearings in the frame of the loom.

The shaft 313 bears the gear wheels 314 at each end of the roller or drum 302, and the gear 314 meshes with a pinion 315, carried by a stub shaft 316, which has another gear 311. A fragment of the frame is shown at 205.

The gear 311 meshes with a pinion 318 carried by stub shaft 319, and astub shaft 310, which is rotatably mounted in the frame, carries a yratchet wheel 320, which is adapted to be actuated by a pivot pawl 321, pivotally mounted at 322 on an arm 323. The arm 323 is freely rotatable on the shaft 319, by means of the bearing32l, and it has a depending portion 325 which is pivotally connected by a connecting rod 326 to a pivoted lever 321.

with a roller 330, which is engaged in the cam groove 331 of a cam 332. Cam 332 is fixedly secured on the shaft 333.

The shaft 333 is driven in synchronism with the rest of the loom and is adapted to actuate the cam 332 and ratchet wheel 320 periodically, immediately after the lay has been moved forward t'o drive the weft, into the shed.

A second spring pressed pawl 334 is actuated by spring 335, and is pivotally mounted on the frame so as to engage the teeth of the ratchet wheel 320 (Fig. 8) and hold that Wheel and the drum 302 against backward movement while the pawl 321 is taking a new bite.

- The operation of the complete loom will be l evident to those skilled inthe art from the preceding description of the operations of the respective parts thereof. Therefore, it is sufficient to say that in the present loom the carriage |31 is adapted to support and convey the weft material in the form of loose fibers into the space of the shed at periodic intervals so that these loose fibers can be bound by means of the warp and compacted by means of the lay into a compact blanket.

In addition to loose fibers of Amosite asbestos, which have merely been carded and opened, practically any type of mineral, animal, or vegetable,A

the conveyor belt; but where the fibers have been previously bound into insulating units `of -the type shown in Fig. 1 of my prior application, Ser. No.

188,720, filed February 4, 1938, it is sufficient to permit the conveyor belt 132 to draw such insulating unit out of a coil in abarrel and convey i it to the machine to be used as the weft.

' tirely loose bers.

The method of making the4 insulating ma terial may be described as follows: The loosely carded fibers may be taken from the carding. roll and deposited upon a conveyor which conveys the loosely carded fibers to a condensing funnel. I prefer to deposit' in the loosely carded fibers one or more threads ofinsulating material, such as asbestos cords, which may be provided with reinforcing wires, if desired, for the purpose of increasing the tensile strength of the unit and.

they are bound together, but the threads do not necessarily conne the loosely carded Amosite fibers or other fibers.

This provides an insulating unit which may be loosely coiled in a coil vin the drum, and which has suiiicient' tensile strength to be lifted from. the drum, but not sufficient to be handled like a weft in an ordinary weaving machine.

In the weaving of the blanket such insulating units may be employed, or the method may be modified, as follows: Loosely carded insulating fibers of any of the materials listed may be placed in a hopper and deposited from the hopper in an even layer on a conveying belt, 'which is moved at a uniform rate of speed. Asthe conveying belt moves, it is uniformly covered, and when covered to a sufficient extent the belt or other supporting surface may be conveyed to the space between the warp'threads, that is, inside the shed, and there deposited upon a comb of such shape as to have a supporting surface for the fibers.

The comb or lay is then moved forward to drive these bers tightly into the shed, and after the lay recedes the warp threads may be crossed. This can be done by hand, the fibers being driven' into the shed by means of along block, or it can be done by means of the structure of the machine described herein.

After one weft is woven into the fabric, the fabric,f which is wound upon a drum, is caused to progress one step-forward so as to be ready for the next weft. Thus the loose fibers are woven into a blanket.

When the insulating units of the, type shown .l in my priorapplication, Ser. No. 188,720, Fig. 1,

are employed, they are carried in the Vform of one or two units or more on the conveying belt in exactly the same manner as just described for loose bers. The only difference is that the operation may be carried on by machine or-by hand, more quickly and conveniently than canbe ydone with loose fibers.

The weft is then caught at the opposite side of the fabric and held either by hand or by a holding device, and the weft unit is strung not only across, but backward from that point, before the weft is bound into the blanket by the warp threads. In other respects the operation ls exactly the same4 as in making a blanketl of en- In addition to holding the bers together by warp threads, lthe edges of each successive weft unit are preferably ,sprayed with the adhesive side the shed the full wid-thof the shed, driving' veyor frame and adapted to project longitudinally of said track and beyond said track to place a weft member in the shed of a weaving machine, said conveyor belt being driven at a predetermined speed by one of said guide shafts and predetermined gears.

8. In a weft feeding mechanism for a weavingv machine, the combination of a supporting frame with a pair of tracks and a carriage jhaving supporting wheels on said tracks, said carriage also having guides for engaging a pair of longitudinally extending shafts carried by said frame, a conveyor frame carried by said carriage, a conveyor belt mounted on said conveyor fra-me and adapted to project longitudinally of said track and beyond said track to place a weft member in the shed of a weaving machine, and a spraying nozzle carried by said carriage at 'the projecting end thereof and connected to a source of liquid to be sprayed by a flexible conduit.

9. In a weft feeding mechanism for a weaving machine, the combination of a supporting frame with a lpair of tracks and a carriage having supporting wheels on said tracks, said c-arriage also having guides for engaging a pair of longitudinal- .ly extending shafts carried by said frame, a conveyor frame carried by said carriage, a conveyor belt mounted on said conveyor frame and adapted to project longitudinally of said track and beyond said track to place a weft member in the shed of a weaving machine, a spraying nozzle carried by said carriage at the projecting end thereof and connected to a source of liquid to be sprayed by a flexible conduit, and valve means for controlling the supply of liquid to said nozzle, adapted t., be actuated by the movement of said carriage to a predetermined point.

10. In a weaving machine, the combination of a weaving machine provided with means for supporting and controlling the warp threads, with a conveyor comprising a conveyor belt and means for supporting the same and for moving said con- -veyor belt into the shed, said conveyor belt being adapted to support loose fibers to be employed as the weft of a blanket and to be deposited in the shed between the warp threads.

11. In a weaving machine, the combination of a weaving machine provided with means'for supporting and controlling 'the warp threads,rwith a conveyor comprising va conveyor belt and vmeans for supporting the same and for moving said conveyor belt into the shed, said conveyor belt being adapted to support loose fibers to be employed as the weft of a blanket and to be deposited in the shed between the warp threads, said'conveyor the loose fibers into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross', to confine the loose fibers between them, and spraying each successive filler of loose fibers with an adhesive solution for the purpose of causing greater adherence between the loose and projecting fibers of the successive weft units.

14. In a weaving machine, the combination of a supporting framework with a supporting member for carrying a Iwoven blanket, heddles for controlling the warp threads, and a lay comprising a frame having upper and lower frame members and a comb carried by said frame members and comprising a plurality of metal members,

- each of said meta-1 members having a downwardly lation to each other, forming slots for the warp threads.

15. In a weaving machine, ythe combination of a supporting framework with a supporting member for carrying a woven blanket, heddles for controlling the warp threads, and a lay, comprising a frame having upper and lower frame members, and a comb carried by said frame members and comprising a plurality of metal members, each of said metal members having a downwardly extending portion, a forwardly bent horizontal portion, la downwardly and backwardly extending portion, and means for attaching each of .the ends of said members 'to said upper and lower frame members, with said members in spaced relation to each other,forming slots for the warp threads, and means for depositing loose and opened weft Imaterial on said portions of said members for support thereby, preliminary .to the confinement of said fibers between said warp threads.

belt being carried by a carriage, and means controlled by the movement of said weaving machine for actuating said carriage at` predetermined periods to -move the conveyor belt into the shed and out of the shed.

' 12. The method of weaving an insulating blancomprising a movable framework and a conveyor ket of loose and open fibers and warp threads,

which comprises forming a shed of warp threads,

carrying the loose and ropen fibers into the shed and spreading them substantially uniformly inside the shed the full width of the shed, driving the loose fibers into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross, to confine the loose fibers between them.

13. The method of weaving an insulating blanket" of loose and open fibers and warp threads, which comprises forming a shed of warp threads, carrying the loose and open fibers into the shed and spreading them substantially uniformly inextending portion, a forwardly bent horizontal portion, a downwardly and backwardly extending portion, and means for attaching each of the ends of said members to said upper and lower frame members, with said members in spaced relation to Aeach other, forming slots for the warp threads,

and means for depositing loose and opened weft material on said prtionsof said members for sup- .por-t thereby, preliminary fito the confinement of said fibers between said warp 'th-reads, said means belt on said framework, said conveyor belt moving in such direction that it discharges fibers from its end on said horizontally extending portions of said members.

17. In a weaving machine, the combination ,of

a supporting framework with a supporting member for carrying a woven blanket, heddles for controlling the warp threads, and a lay comprising a frame having upperV and lower frame members, and a comb carried by said framemembers and comprising a pluralityof metal members,

each of said metal members having a downwardly extending portion, a forwardly bent horizontal portion, a downwardly and backwardly extending portion, and means for attaching each of the ends of said members to said upper and lower frame members, with said members in spaced relation to each other, forming slots for the warp threads, and means for depositing loose and opened weft material on said portions of said members for support thereby, preliminary to the confinement of said bers between said warp threads, said means comprising a movable framework and a conveyor belt on said framework, said conveyor belt moving in such direction that it discharges bers from its end on said horizontally extending portions of said members, and said movable framework being reciprocable, whereby the discharge end of said conveyor belt is adapted to progress across said comb to deposit weft bers over substantially the full width of said blanket.

18. In a weaving machine, the combination of a supporting framework with a supporting member for carrying the woven blanket, heddles for controlling the warp threads, a lay having a comb which is provided with a substantially horizontally extending shelf, and means for depositing a weft unit on said shelf, said means comprising an elongated carriage having a supporting surface for supporting the weft unit to be deposited on said comb, said supporting surface being provided on a movable belt which is adapted to deposit the weft material as the carriage moves into the shed.

19. In a Weaving machine, the combination of a supporting framework with a movable lay and comb, means for supporting and controlling warp threads, a movable carriage having a conveyor belt thereon, adapted to convey and discharge a weft filler between the warp threads, and a mechanism for controlling the operation of said carriage comprising a driven shaft, aslidable drive collar carried by said shaft, said collar being mounted to rotate with said shaft, a gear having drive means rotatably mounted on said shaft and adapted to be engaged by said collar, and a second driving member having driving means adapted to be engaged by said collar, and snap mechanism for controlling the sliding motion of said collar, whereby either said gear or said driving member is adapted to be driven by said drive shaft to control the reciprocation of said carriage.

20. The method of weaving an insulating blanket of loose and open weft material, having iibers extending at random directions, and warp threads, which comprises forming a shed of warp threads, laying the loose and open material in the shed between the warp threads, the loose and open material being spread substantially uniformly inside the shed for the full width of the shed, driving the loose and open material into the space between the-warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross to coni-lne the loose and open material between them by virtue of the engagementof the vvarp threads with the loose and open material.

21. V'I'he Amethod of, weaving an insulating blanket of loose and open weft material, having fibers extending at random directions, and warp threads, which comprises forming a shed oi' warp threads, laying the loose and open material in the shed between the warp threads, the loose and open material being spread substantially uniformly inside the shed for the full width of the shed, driving the loose and open material into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross to conne the loose and open material between them by virtue of the engagement of the warp threads with the loose and open material, and spraying the exposed edge of the predetermined weft members after they have been driven in between the warp threads with a limited amount of an adhesive solution to avoid impregnation and to reduce crack formation between successive weft members.

22. The method of manufacturing a blanket comprising arranging warp threads to form a shed, laying a layer of loose material, having elements extending in random directions in between the warp threads of said shed to form a layer therein, forming a weft member out of said layer within said shed by pressing the layer of loose material toward the junctures of the warp threads, and crossing the warp threads to confine the weft member so formed between said warp threads.

23. In a loom, a lay comprising upper and lower frame members extending horizontally and spaced vertically from eachother, and a comb carried by said members, and comprising a plurality of relatively thin ilat strips, each strip having its end carried by one of said frame members, and the strips being arranged edge to edge, but with their edges spaced from each other a distance which is a fraction of the Width of said strips to form a space for passing warp threads, each of said strips being formed with a `horizontally extending portion adapted to support loose material used for forming weft members on said support.

24. In a loom, a lay comprising upper and lower frame members extending horizontally and spaced vertically from each other, and a comb carried by said members, and comprising a plurality of relatively thin at strips, each strip having its end carried by one of said frame members, and the strips being arranged edge to edge, but with their edges spaced from each other a distance which is a fraction of the Width of said strips to form a space for passing warp threads, each of said strips being formed with a horizontally extending portion adapted to support loose material used for forming weft members on said support, and each of said strips having a downwardly and backwardly turned portion whereby the lower warp threads of the shed may be arranged Wholly below the supporting surface of said comb and the loose material may be supported on said horizontally extending portion.

25. The method of weaving an insulating blanket of loose, open, unattached, and unspun fibers and warp threads which comprises forming a shed of Warp threads, conveying the fibers into the shed in a layer of substantially uniform depth and thickness, depositing the bers upon a support in said shed over the full Width of the shed, driving the loose fibers into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross, to conne the loose bers between them.

26. The method of weaving an insulating blanket of loose and opened bers and warp threads, which comprises forming a weft member of opened and carded bers by conning said bers with spirally extending threads of insulating material, forming a shed of Vwarp threads, carrying the loose and opened fibers in the form of such weft members into the shed and extending said weft member inside the shed over substantially the full width of the shed, driving the bers into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross, to conne 22e bers in the -form of a weft member between 27. The method of weaving an insulating blanket of loose and opened weft material, having fibers extending at random directions, and warp threads, which comprises forming the loose and opened fibers intoa weft member, said fibers surrounding a core thread and having a plurality of spirally extending threads for holding the fibers together, forming a shed of warp threads,

laying the loose and opened material in the form of a weft member in the shed between the warp threads, the weft member being spread substantially uniformly across the shed for the full width of the shed, driving the weft member into the space between the warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross to connne the loose and opened material between them by virtue of the engagement of the warp threads with the loose and opened material.

28. The method of manufacturing a blanket comprising forming loose material into a weft member of sufficient tensile strength to be lifted from a coil, said weft member comprising a core thread surrounded by an assembly of loose and opened material and having a plurality of confining threads extending spirally in both directions about said loose material, arranging warp threads to form a shed, laying a layer of loose material in the form of a plurality of said weft members having elements extending in random directions in between the warp threads of said shed to form a layer therein, forming a weft elet ment out of said layer within said shed by pressing the layer of loose material toward the junctures of the warp threads, and crossing the warp threads to conne the weft member so formed between said warp threads.

29. The method of weaving an insulating blanket of loose, opened, and unspun bers and warp threads, which comprises assembling the loose and opened bers with a plurality of-core yarns, forming a shed of warp threads, conveying the fibers into the shed in a layer of substantially uniform depth and thickness, said bers being carried on a support in said shed over the full width of the shed, driving the loose bers into the space between the Warp threads, and causing the warp threads to cross to confine the loose bers between them.

WILLIAM F. ASTLEY. 

